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Direct Observation
Hierarchical Task Analysis
Analysts systematically deconstruct how external users perform tasks in a system, breaking down each step, the actions, tools, and thought processes involved. The goal is to understand and optimize user workflows based on observed behavior.
When This Method Fits
Typical duration
Days – Weeks
Typical cost
Medium
Fidelity level
Live Full, Live Limited
Stage
Validation, Implementation
Hypothesis type
Execution
Goal type
Deepen product-market fit, Drive corporate innovation / R&D, Improve operational efficiency
Randomization
N/A
Study design
Individual case report
Minimum units needed
5
1Best Fit When
Best when a task or workflow feels inefficient and you need a detailed, step-by-step breakdown to find where to optimize.